What is 3D printing: As per Wikipedia, "3D printing or Additive manufacturing is a process of making a three-dimensional solid object of virtually any shape from a digital model." It uses an additive process, where successive layers of material are laid down by a 3D printer in different shapes, based on a computer-generated 3D model of an object.
Why is it so useful: Wikipedia points out that 3D printing is useful right "from pre-production (i.e. rapid prototyping) to full-scale production (i.e. rapid manufacturing), in addition to tooling applications and post-production customization." Unlike traditional subtractive methods of manufacturing, there is less material wastage in case of 3D printing.
How is it important: Mark Fleming claims that "Medicine will forever be changed as new bioprinters actually print human tissue for both pharmaceutical testing and eventually entire organs and bones." Also, he says, "experimental, massive 3D printers are printing concrete structures, with the goal of someday creating entire buildings with a 3D printer."
Who uses 3D printing: TechRepublic reports that "A growing number of innovative companies are experimenting with 3D printers, propelling the technology closer to the mainstream market." These include major companies like General Electric, Boeing, Ford, Nike, Hasbro and Hershey's. Many hobbyists also use personal 3D printers in their homes.
Where to from here: As 3D printers become less expensive, more companies and even individuals will start adopting it. As Fleming puts it, 3D printing "is a disruptive technology of mammoth proportions, with effects on energy use, waste, customization, product availability, art, medicine, construction, the sciences, and of course manufacturing."
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